#line 1 "Graph/lowest_common_ancestor_sparse_table.cpp"
/**
* @brief 最深共通祖先 (sparse table)
* @author えびちゃん
*/
#include <cstddef>
#include <algorithm>
#include <tuple>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
#line 1 "integer/bit.cpp"
/**
* @brief ビット演算
* @author えびちゃん
*/
// XXX integral promotion 関連の注意をあまりしていません
#include <climits>
#include <type_traits>
template <typename Tp>
constexpr auto countl_zero(Tp n)
-> typename std::enable_if<std::is_unsigned<Tp>::value, int>::type
{
using value_type = typename std::make_unsigned<Tp>::type;
int bits = (sizeof(value_type) * CHAR_BIT);
if (n == 0) return bits;
int res = 0;
for (int i = bits / 2; i > 0; i /= 2) {
value_type mask = ((static_cast<value_type>(1) << i) - 1) << i;
if (n & mask) n >>= i;
else res += i;
}
return res;
}
template <typename Tp>
constexpr auto countl_one(Tp n)
-> typename std::enable_if<std::is_unsigned<Tp>::value, int>::type
{
using value_type = typename std::make_unsigned<Tp>::type;
return countl_zero(static_cast<value_type>(~n));
}
template <typename Tp>
constexpr auto countr_zero(Tp n)
-> typename std::enable_if<std::is_unsigned<Tp>::value, int>::type
{
using value_type = typename std::make_unsigned<Tp>::type;
int bits = (sizeof(value_type) * CHAR_BIT);
if (n == 0) return bits;
int res = 0;
for (int i = bits / 2; i > 0; i /= 2) {
value_type mask = ((static_cast<value_type>(1) << i) - 1);
if (!(n & mask)) res += i, n >>= i;
}
return res;
}
template <typename Tp>
constexpr auto countr_one(Tp n)
-> typename std::enable_if<std::is_unsigned<Tp>::value, int>::type
{
using value_type = typename std::make_unsigned<Tp>::type;
return countr_zero(static_cast<value_type>(~n));
}
constexpr unsigned long long half_mask[] = {
0x5555555555555555uLL, 0x3333333333333333uLL, 0x0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0FuLL,
0x00FF00FF00FF00FFuLL, 0x0000FFFF0000FFFFuLL, 0x00000000FFFFFFFFuLL
};
template <typename Tp>
constexpr auto popcount(Tp n)
-> typename std::enable_if<std::is_unsigned<Tp>::value, int>::type
{
int bits = static_cast<int>((sizeof n) * CHAR_BIT);
for (int i = 0, j = 1; j < bits; ++i, j *= 2) {
if (j <= 8) n = (n & half_mask[i]) + ((n >> j) & half_mask[i]);
else n += n >> j;
}
return n & 0xFF;
}
template <typename Tp>
constexpr auto parity(Tp n)
-> typename std::enable_if<std::is_unsigned<Tp>::value, int>::type
{ return popcount(n) & 1; }
template <typename Tp>
int clz(Tp n) { return countl_zero(static_cast<typename std::make_unsigned<Tp>::type>(n)); }
template <typename Tp>
int ctz(Tp n) { return countr_zero(static_cast<typename std::make_unsigned<Tp>::type>(n)); }
template <typename Tp>
int ilog2(Tp n) {
return (CHAR_BIT * sizeof(Tp) - 1) - clz(static_cast<typename std::make_unsigned<Tp>::type>(n));
}
template <typename Tp>
bool is_pow2(Tp n) { return (n > 0) && ((n & (n-1)) == 0); }
template <typename Tp>
Tp floor2(Tp n) { return is_pow2(n)? n: static_cast<Tp>(1) << ilog2(n); }
template <typename Tp>
Tp ceil2(Tp n) { return is_pow2(n)? n: static_cast<Tp>(2) << ilog2(n); }
template <typename Tp>
constexpr auto reverse(Tp n)
-> typename std::enable_if<std::is_unsigned<Tp>::value, Tp>::type
{
int bits = static_cast<int>((sizeof n) * CHAR_BIT);
for (int i = 0, j = 1; j < bits; ++i, j *= 2) {
n = ((n & half_mask[i]) << j) | ((n >> j) & half_mask[i]);
}
return n;
}
#line 1 "utility/literals.cpp"
/**
* @brief ユーザ定義リテラル
* @author えびちゃん
*/
#line 10 "utility/literals.cpp"
#include <cstdint>
constexpr intmax_t operator ""_jd(unsigned long long n) { return n; }
constexpr uintmax_t operator ""_ju(unsigned long long n) { return n; }
constexpr size_t operator ""_zu(unsigned long long n) { return n; }
constexpr ptrdiff_t operator ""_td(unsigned long long n) { return n; }
constexpr int8_t operator ""_i8(unsigned long long n) { return n; }
constexpr int16_t operator ""_i16(unsigned long long n) { return n; }
constexpr int32_t operator ""_i32(unsigned long long n) { return n; }
constexpr int64_t operator ""_i64(unsigned long long n) { return n; }
constexpr uint8_t operator ""_u8(unsigned long long n) { return n; }
constexpr uint16_t operator ""_u16(unsigned long long n) { return n; }
constexpr uint32_t operator ""_u32(unsigned long long n) { return n; }
constexpr uint64_t operator ""_u64(unsigned long long n) { return n; }
#line 17 "Graph/lowest_common_ancestor_sparse_table.cpp"
class lowest_common_ancestor {
public:
using size_type = size_t;
private:
std::vector<size_type> M_e;
std::vector<std::vector<std::pair<size_type, size_type>>> M_st;
template <typename Tree>
void M_euler_tour(Tree const& g, size_type v, size_type p, size_type d = 0) {
M_e[v] = M_st[0].size();
M_st[0].emplace_back(d, v);
for (auto const& e: g[v]) {
size_type u = e.target();
if (u == p) continue;
M_euler_tour(g, u, v, d+1);
M_st[0].emplace_back(d, v);
}
}
void M_build_rmq() {
// non-disjoint sparse table
for (size_type i = 1, ii = 1; M_st[i-1].size() > ii; (++i, ii <<= 1)) {
M_st.emplace_back();
M_st[i].reserve(M_st[i-1].size()-ii);
for (size_type j = ii; j < M_st[i-1].size(); ++j)
M_st[i].push_back(std::min(M_st[i-1][j], M_st[i-1][j-ii]));
}
}
public:
lowest_common_ancestor() = default;
lowest_common_ancestor(lowest_common_ancestor const&) = default;
lowest_common_ancestor(lowest_common_ancestor&&) = default;
template <typename Tree>
lowest_common_ancestor(Tree const& g, size_type r) {
size_type n = g.size();
M_e.resize(n);
M_st.emplace_back();
M_st[0].reserve(2*n);
M_euler_tour(g, r, -1);
M_build_rmq();
}
lowest_common_ancestor& operator =(lowest_common_ancestor const&) = default;
lowest_common_ancestor& operator =(lowest_common_ancestor&&) = default;
size_type operator ()(size_type u, size_type v) const {
if (u == v) return u;
size_type l, r;
std::tie(l, r) = std::minmax(M_e[u], M_e[v]);
size_type e = ilog2(++r-l);
r -= 1_zu << e;
return std::min(M_st[e][l], M_st[e][r]).second;
}
};